βLikewise this is the law of the trespass offering: it is most holy.β
Trespass. Trespasses, for which these offerings were to be made, were less offences, than those for which the sin-offerings were appointed. (Challoner) See chap. iv. 2. β Delictum, trespass, answers to the Hebrew asham, and the Greek plemmeleia; (Haydock) being of a more extensive signification that the Hebrew chete, sin, as it comprises even sins against knowledge. (Parkhurst) See chap. iv. 2. β No particular ceremonies are enjoined, (ver. 7,) only a he-goat or a ram was to be offered; if the former, the rump, &c., were to be given (ver. 3); if the latter, the fat of the intestines and the reins were to be offered, and the blood poured out at the foot of the altar. β Victim. Septuagint, βram.β β Holy. To be eaten by priests, and in the court of the tabernacle, ver. 6. (Calmet) β Sins of commission, peccata, and of omission, delicta, are equally offensive to God. (St. Augustine, q. 20.) (Worthington)
βAnd the priest that offereth any man's burnt offering, even the priest shall have to himself the skin of the burnt offering which he hath offered.β
Skin. Of these skins a great profit was made. (Philo, de PrΔm. Sacerd.)
βAnd all the meat offering that is baken in the oven, and all that is dressed in the fryingpan, and in the pan, shall be the priest's that offereth it. in the pan: or, on the flat plate or, sliceβ
Priestβs; to be divided among his brethren, ver. 10. They officiated a week by turns. (Calmet) β Each, therefore, claimed the parts allotted by God to the priest on duty. But it is not certain what part they could retain for their own use. Some think that the unbaked flour alone was to be distributed equally, ver. 10. (Bonfrere)
βAnd this is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which he shall offer unto the LORD.β
This. Here the Roman, Septuagint, Junius, &c., commence the 7th chapter.
βIf he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.β
Oil. Any of these sorts of bread would suffice. Jacob and Jethro had formerly offered sacrifices of praise, and the Greeks had some which they termed Soteria. (Calmet)
βBesides the cakes, he shall offer for his offering leavened bread with the sacrifice of thanksgiving of his peace offerings.β
Bread, for the use of the priests, chap. ii. 11.
βAnd of it he shall offer one out of the whole oblation for an heave offering unto the LORD, and it shall be the priest's that sprinkleth the blood of the peace offerings.β
Of which leavened bread, one, representing all the rest, shall be offered for first-fruits. Hebrew, βa heave-offering,β not as a sacrifice. (Menochius) β Others maintain that a loaf, without leaven, was laid upon the altar; and all the rest given to the priest. (Calmet)
βAnd the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving shall be eaten the same day that it is offered; he shall not leave any of it until the morning.β
Morning. Thus were they admonished to let the poor share of the bounty which God had bestowed upon them. (Theod. and Philo)
βBut if the sacrifice of his offering be a vow, or a voluntary offering, it shall be eaten the same day that he offereth his sacrifice: and on the morrow also the remainder of it shall be eaten:β
It. The victim of thanksgiving was more worthy, as it proceeded from a more disinterested motive. (Menochius) β Such victims as were perfectly voluntary might be received, though they had some defect, chap. xxii. 23.
βBut the remainder of the flesh of the sacrifice on the third day shall be burnt with fire.β
Fire. No part must be reserved so long, as to become offensive and putrid. (Calmet)
βAnd if any of the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings be eaten at all on the third day, it shall not be accepted, neither shall it be imputed unto him that offereth it: it shall be an abomination, and the soul that eateth of it shall bear his iniquity.β
Yea rather. Hebrew, βit is an abomination to be thrown away,β and the soul, &c. Thus by neglecting to comply exactly with Godβs commands, we lose the fruits of our former piety. (Haydock) β The flesh of these victims might be eaten in any clean place, by all those who were not defiled, chap. x. 14. (Josephus) (Tirinus)
βAnd the flesh that toucheth any unclean thing shall not be eaten; it shall be burnt with fire: and as for the flesh, all that be clean shall eat thereof.β
Shall eat of it. That is, of the flesh of the thanks-offering. (Challoner) β People might eat the flesh of animals which had been touched by something unclean, Deuteronomy xii. 15, 22. But victims, defiled by any accident, were to be burnt. The others were to be eaten only by such as were clean. (Menochius)
βBut the soul that eateth of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, that pertain unto the LORD, having his uncleanness upon him, even that soul shall be cut off from his people.β
People excommunicated, or even slain, either by God, or by the judge. (Calmet)
βMoreover the soul that shall touch any unclean thing, as the uncleanness of man, or any unclean beast, or any abominable unclean thing, and eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which pertain unto the LORD, even that soul shall be cut off from his people.β
Uncleanness of man, means a person defiled, or his excrements. (A Lapide)
βSpeak unto the children of Israel, saying, Ye shall eat no manner of fat, of ox, or of sheep, or of goat.β
Eat, when they have been once immolated. See chap. iii. 17.
βAnd the fat of the beast that dieth of itself, and the fat of that which is torn with beasts, may be used in any other use: but ye shall in no wise eat of it. beast: Heb. carcaseβ
Uses. Hebrew, βfor any other use: but you shall not eat it.β Origen (hom. 5,) seems to reject this fat entirely.
βMoreover ye shall eat no manner of blood, whether it be of fowl or of beast, in any of your dwellings.β
Beasts. Hence the Rabbins except the blood of fishes, as it is not specified. (Calmet)
βSpeak unto the children of Israel, saying, He that offereth the sacrifice of his peace offerings unto the LORD shall bring his oblation unto the LORD of the sacrifice of his peace offerings.β
Sacrificeβ¦.Libations, flour, wine, and oil. (Lyranus)
βHis own hands shall bring the offerings of the LORD made by fire, the fat with the breast, it shall he bring, that the breast may be waved for a wave offering before the LORD.β
Hands, upon a silver dish. The priest shall direct his hands to form a triple cross. (Cajetan) (Tirinus)
βAnd the priest shall burn the fat upon the altar: but the breast shall be Aaron's and his sons'.β
The breast, and other parts mentioned, Deuteronomy xviii. 3.
βFor the wave breast and the heave shoulder have I taken of the children of Israel from off the sacrifices of their peace offerings, and have given them unto Aaron the priest and unto his sons by a statute for ever from among the children of Israel.β
Separated from the breast for the Lord, and waved before Him, as the Hebrew intimates.
βThis is the portion of the anointing of Aaron, and of the anointing of his sons, out of the offerings of the LORD made by fire, in the day when he presented them to minister unto the LORD in the priest's office;β
Anointing. Le Clerc translates the food. On this Aaron shall be maintained. This shall be his salary or portion, in quality of Godβs anointed.
βWhich the LORD commanded to be given them of the children of Israel, in the day that he anointed them, by a statute for ever throughout their generations.β
Israel. Hebrew adds, βin the day of his anointing,β or consecration. (Calmet)
βThis is the law of the burnt offering, of the meat offering, and of the sin offering, and of the trespass offering, and of the consecrations, and of the sacrifice of the peace offerings;β
Law. Six sorts of sacrifices are here specified, holocausts, flour-offerings, sin and trespass-offerings, those for the consecration of priests, and the peace-offerings.
βWhich the LORD commanded Moses in mount Sinai, in the day that he commanded the children of Israel to offer their oblations unto the LORD, in the wilderness of Sinai.β
In, or at the foot of Mount Sinai. (Haydock)