“To the chief Musician on Neginoth, Maschil, A Psalm of David. Give ear to my prayer, O God; and hide not thyself from my supplication.”
Geth. Before (Berthier) or after his escape to the cave of Odollam, (Calmet) he composed this psalm, to comfort his followers with the consideration of God’s protection. (Haydock) — See 1 Kings xxii., and Psalm xv. The title is variously rendered. St. Jerome, “to the victor for the dumb dove,” &c. Protestants, “upon Jonath elem rechokim Michtam of David.” This is to elude the difficulty, and we might as well adhere to the Septuagint, who seem to have only added, “from the sanctuary.” The psalm may suit any one in distress, (Berthier) unable to attend the public service, (Worthington) or it may be understood of our Saviour’s passion. (Berthier)
“Attend unto me, and hear me: I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise;”
Man. All combine against me. (Calmet) — The sins of every man oppressed Jesus Christ. (Berthier) — All who live piously, must suffer many attacks. (Worthington)
“My heart is sore pained within me: and the terrors of death are fallen upon me.”
The height of the day. That is, even at noon day, when the sun is the highest, I am still in danger. (Challoner) — Hebrew, “many fight against me from an elevation, or from day-break.” — Fear. Many prefix a negation, which St. Jerome rejects, (ad Sun.) explaining this height of the divine majesty. (Calmet) — David felt the impressions of fear; but corrected them by his confidence in God. (Worthington)
“Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath overwhelmed me. overwhelmed: Heb. covered”
My words. The words or promises God has made in my favour. (Challoner) — Praising God (Haydock) removed the dejection of David. (Eusebius) — Detested. Protestants, “wrest.” They put an evil construction upon what I say, (Haydock) and make me their laughing-stock, Psalm xxxvii. 13. (Calmet) — But I cease not to proclaim what God has declared in my favour, (Haydock) or what good I have been enabled to effect by his grace. My enemies may meet to devise my ruin, and to supplant me; yet all in vain. (Worthington)
“I would hasten my escape from the windy storm and tempest.”
For nothing shalt thou save them. That is, since they lie in wait to ruin my soul, thou shalt for no consideration favour or assist them, but execute thy justice upon them. (Challoner)
“Destroy, O Lord, and divide their tongues: for I have seen violence and strife in the city.”
I have. Protestants, “thou tellest my wanderings: put thou my tears into thy bottle. Are they not in thy book?” St. Jerome, “thou hast numbered my most secret things: place my tears in thy sight,” &c. (Haydock) — Septuagint render the sense clearer. (Berthier) — God has promised to relieve the distressed, who confided in him.
“Wickedness is in the midst thereof: deceit and guile depart not from her streets.”
To me. This is almost a repetition of ver. 5. (Calmet) — Elohim and Jehova are mentioned (Haydock) as “the power and eternity” of God gave David the greatest confidence.
“For it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne it: neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself against me; then I would have hid myself from him:”
To thee. Literally, “thy vows.” (Haydock) — Houbigant chooses rather to follow the Syriac, “with thee, O God, are my vows:” which is clearer, though our version may be well explained, “I will perform my vows to thee,” (Berthier) the sacrifice of praises, in this psalm. (Calmet) — I will endeavour to comply with my engagements and vows. (Worthington)
“But it was thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance. mine equal: Heb. according to my rank”
Living, in my own country, where I am no longer, as formerly during my banishment, in the region of the dead. (Calmet) — The Fathers explain this of Jesus Christ, or of eternal glory. (Theodoret) (Calmet) — In the true faith and good works, I will strive to please God. (Worthington)